《植物生理学报》 2013, 49(7): 626-636

ZFN/TALEN技术与作物遗传改良

李奇, 安海龙*

山东农业大学生命科学学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安271018

通信作者：安海龙；E-mail: hlan@sdau.edu.cn；Tel: 0538-8249909

摘　要：

近年来, 以锌指核酸酶(zinc-finger nucleases, ZFNs)和TALE核酸酶(transcription activator-like effector nucleases, TAL-ENs)为代表的基因组编辑技术开始出现并快速发展。这种技术把锌指或TALE (DNA识别结构域)与核酸酶融合, 使之能够在特定的位点切开基因组DNA, 随后利用基因组的修复/重组机制人工编辑基因组序列。利用ZFN/TALEN基因组编辑技术, 可以实现基因敲除、片段置换、片段删除、定点插入等遗传操作。本文对ZFN/TALEN技术的工作原理和其在植物上的成功案例进行了综述, 并对其在作物遗传改良研究中的应用前景进行了探讨。

关键词：ZFN; TALEN; 基因组编辑; 作物遗传改良; 生物安全性

收稿：2013-04-22   修定：2013-05-24

资助：国家自然科学基金(31070253)和转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2011ZX08009-002)。

ZFN/TALEN Technology and Crop Genetic Improvement

LI Qi, AN Hai-Long*

State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China

Corresponding author: AN Hai-Long; E-mail: hlan@sdau.edu.cn; Tel: 0538-8249909

Abstract:

In recent years, genome-editing technologies represented by ZFN (zinc-finger nucleases) and TAL-EN (transcription activator-like effector nucleases) were developed rapidly and used to facilitate the research of crop genetic improvement. These technologies rely mainly on the fusion of zinc fingers or TALEs (DNA-bind-ing domains) to a non-specific nuclease, which could cut genomic DNA at a given site and induce site-directed genome modifications through DNA repair/recombination mechanisms. Using the ZFN/TALEN technology, it is easy to produce desirable genetic modifications such as indels, deletions, fragment insertions and substitu-tions in the plant genomes. In this review, the principle and evolution of ZFN and TALEN technologies are de-scribed and their potentials for crop improvement are also discussed.

Key words: ZFN; TALEN; genome editing; crop genetic improvement; biosafety